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纳米医学已经被用于各种癌症治疗，包括肿瘤靶向药物传递、热疗以及光动力治疗。PLGA材料是一种常用的纳米药物载体。PLGA纳米粒子具有稳定性好及较长的血管循环时间的特点，特别适用于肿瘤的被动靶向治疗。
PLGA包裹的化疗药物，例如阿霉素、紫杉醇、顺铂、姜黄素等，均是采用这种被动靶向治疗策略，以增加抗肿瘤活性,延长循环时间以及避免药物与血液的接触来提高药物的稳定性。例如，PEG化PLAG纳米粒子载阿霉素的半衰期比自由的药物要高3.7倍。在药物被动靶向治疗中，嗜菌吞噬效应会缩短药物在血液中循环时间，而PEG化的PLGA纳米粒子由于PEG的隐蔽效应，阻止了嗜菌吞噬效应对纳米粒子的作用从而延长循环时间。
PLGA-PEG结构式
Nanomedicine has been used in various cancer treatments, including tumor targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy. PLGA material is a commonly used nano drug carrier. PLGA nanoparticles have the characteristics of good stability and long vascular circulation time, and are particularly suitable for passive targeted therapy of tumors.
PLGA encapsulated chemotherapy drugs, such as doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, curcumin, etc., all adopt this passive targeted treatment strategy to increase the anti-tumor activity, prolong the circulation time and avoid the contact of drugs with blood to improve the stability of drugs. For example, the half-life of doxorubicin loaded on PEGylated plag nanoparticles is 3.7 times higher than that of free drugs. In the passive targeted treatment of drugs, the bacteriophagocytosis effect will shorten the circulation time of drugs in the blood, while the PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles, due to the hidden effect of PEG, prevent the bacteriophagocytosis effect from affecting the nanoparticles, thus prolonging the circulation time.
